These items are created by first creating a pattern, then determining the size of the piece.  The next step is selecting the type of wood, paying particular attention to the grain patterns in the wood.  If you notice, the same piece may have multiple grain directions, giving the item a particular flow.  Then the pattern is transferred to the wood and each piece is carefully cut out.  Next the pieces are cut to the desired thickness, giving the finished piece a three dimensional look.  Each piece is then carved, sanded and stained.  Finally, the piece is glued together, varnished and a back is installed.